Hydroelectricity Facts
Hydroelectric systems convert the mechanical energy of moving water into electricity using a hydro-turbine generator.
2. Calculating Hydro-Power Outpu
The amount of electricity a hydro turbine system is capable of producing depends on gravity, head height, and amount of water flow.
Is a hydroelectric system that takes advantage of a high head height, perhaps from a flow of water traveling down from a reservoir. High head systems require less water flow to operate.
A low head hydro turbine requires a large water flow to operate efficiently.
A hydroelectric system that uses a reservoir of water and a penstock to lead water towards a hydro-turbine generator.
6. Water Flow
The volume of water that flows through a hydro-turbine generator is crucial for measuring potential output. High water flow volume systems require larger turbines to reconcile for the large amount of water. Low water flow systems will often times have a high head height and a small turbine.
7. Head Height
This is the height that the water falls before reaching the hydro-turbine generator. The higher the height, the greater the force of the falling water.
8. History of Hydroelectric Power
Water was the first renewable energy resource to be exploited by man.
Hydroelectric power is the leading source of renewable electric energy in the United States.
10. The Future of Hydroelectricity
Hydro power technology is evolving from the large dam and reservoir systems towards smaller micro-hydro turbine generators that can be used for individual homes.
Hydro power systems release no pollutants during operation, but large hydroelectric dams are very harmful to the environment and surrounding ecosystems during construction.
Water is more dense than wind, which makes a hydro-turbine more efficient.
A small hydro-turbine that uses a high head and a low volume of water, usually for individual homes.